Fig. 44. SEM of a stage 3 embryo in vitro in the partial phase of hatching. Measuring bar = 10µm. Trophoblast cells (T) have ruptured through the zona pellucida (ZP) at the embryonic pole which is unusual. The trophoblast cells are probably zona breaker cells. Reproduced with permission from Y. Nikas whose website is <yorgosnikas.net>.
(From: Sathananthan, Menzes, and Gunasheela, 2003. Printed from Reproductive Biomedicine Online.)
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